Melioidosis: Antibiogram of cases in Brunei Darussalam.
Khairul Ahmad ABDUL KADIR 1, Muppidi SATYAVANI 2, Ketan PANDE 1
1 Department of Orthopaedics and 2 Department of Microbiology, RIPAS Hospital, Brunei Darussalam
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Appropriate choice and duration of anti-microbial therapy for the initial intensive and followed by the longer eradication phase is important in the treatment of Melioidosis. The aim of this analysis was to study the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity for Burkholderia pseudomallei isolated in Brunei Darussalam over a period of 10 years from 2000 to 2009. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of data was done on patients who presented to Hospitals in Brunei Darussalam diagnosed with clinical features of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection. The specimens were collected and subjected to standard microbiological procedures. Identification of the bacteria was performed using API20NE system (Biomerieux, UK) and the antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the disc diffusion method using commercially available antibiotic discs. Results: Over the 10-year study period, 679 isolates were processed from 623 patients. The most common sources were blood (n=368) and pus from soft tissue abscesses (n=218). Imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, piperacillin and chloramphenicol demonstrated the highest sensitivity rates (98%-100%). Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid was moderately sensitive with 76%-100% whilst ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole showed the lowest rates (6%-68%. Conclusion: Imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, piperacillin and chloramphenicol have remained to be the effective drugs for the treatment of Melioidosis over the study period. Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid was moderately sensitive whilst co-trimoxazole had a low sensitivity rate as detected using disc diffusion method.
Keywords: Melioidosis, Burkholderia pseudomallei, bacteriology, antibiogram, antibiotics
Correspondence author: Ketan PANDE, Department of Orthopaedics, RIPAS Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan BA 1710, Brunei Darussalam. Tel: +673 2242424 5614 E mail: ketanpande@yahoo.com
Brunei Int Med J. 2014; 10 (1): 19-24